Breast cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer among women worldwide. Traditional treatments include surgical removal of the tumor or even the entire breast, chemotherapy, and radiation. However, there is a new, minimally invasive treatment method called cryoablation. In this blog, we explore what cryoablation is, how it is performed, and its benefits and risks.
The procedure of freezing a malignant tumor in the breast is known as cryosurgery or cryoablation. It is a minimally invasive procedure that uses extremely low temperatures to destroy tumor tissue. It is usually performed under local anesthesia or mild sedation. The surgeon uses a probe or needle containing liquid nitrogen or another cold gas. This extremely low-temperature agent is applied directly to the tumor, leading to the freezing of cancer cells and their destruction.
Cryosurgery is often used for smaller tumors or as an alternative to surgical removal, especially in patients who are not good candidates for traditional surgery due to health or other reasons. As with any medical procedure, some potential risks and benefits should be carefully considered during consultations with a doctor.
What is Cryoablation?
Cryoablation is a procedure that uses extremely low temperatures to destroy tumor tissue. In the context of breast cancer, cryoablation is performed by inserting cold probes or needles directly into the tumor. Liquid nitrogen or another cold gas is then applied through these probes, freezing the cancer cells and destroying them.
Cryoablation Procedure
The cryoablation procedure is usually performed under local anesthesia or mild sedation. Once the patient is prepared, the surgeon inserts probes or needles into the tumor under ultrasound or MRI guidance. The cold gas is then applied through these probes, gradually freezing the tumor tissue.
Preparation and Recovery
Before cryoablation, patients will go through preparatory steps to ensure a successful procedure and recovery:
- Preoperative Evaluation: Before the procedure, patients will undergo a preoperative evaluation that may include blood tests, an EKG, and other tests to ensure they are ready for the procedure.
- Food and Drink Restrictions: Patients may need to restrict food and drink intake for a certain period before the procedure to prevent complications during anesthesia.
- Postoperative Care: After the procedure, patients will be instructed on wound care according to their doctor's guidelines. This may include regular dressing changes and monitoring for any signs of infection.
- Recovery and Activities: Patients will be advised to avoid strenuous physical activities and heavy lifting for a certain period after cryoablation to allow for proper healing.
- Regular Check-ups: After recovery, patients will be scheduled for regular check-ups and monitoring to ensure there is no recurrence of the tumor and to properly track their overall health status.
Benefits of Cryoablation
Cryoablation has several advantages over traditional methods of treating breast cancer. It is a minimally invasive procedure that typically results in faster recovery and less damage to surrounding healthy tissue. Additionally, cryoablation can allow for the preservation of the breast, which is important for many women.
Candidates for Cryoablation
Cryoablation is usually used for smaller tumors or as an alternative to surgical removal. Good candidates are patients who are not suitable for traditional surgery for various reasons, as well as those who prefer minimally invasive procedures.
Results and Outcomes
Studies have shown promising results of cryoablation in the treatment of breast cancer. Patients typically have good outcomes with few side effects. However, as with any medical procedure, there are potential risks and complications to consider.
Potential Risks and Side Effects
Although cryoablation is a relatively safe procedure, there are certain risks and side effects that patients should be aware of:
- Damage to Surrounding Tissue: While cryoablation targets tumor tissue, there is a small chance that the extremely low temperatures can damage surrounding healthy tissue.
- Infection: As with any surgical procedure, there is a risk of infection at the intervention site. It is important to carefully follow wound care instructions and apply antibiotics as needed.
- Pain and Discomfort: After cryoablation, patients may experience pain, discomfort, or swelling at the treatment site. Doctors may recommend pain relievers or other therapies to alleviate symptoms.
- Cosmetic Effects: Although the goal of cryoablation is to minimize damage to surrounding tissue, cosmetic effects such as scarring or changes in the shape or size of the breast may occur.
Future of Cryoablation
Cryoablation is a relatively new method for treating breast cancer, but research and technological development continue. We hope that further advancements will allow for even better results and wider use of this minimally invasive alternative.
Cryoablation is a promising method for treating breast cancer that provides a minimally invasive alternative to traditional methods. Patients should be aware of the potential risks and side effects, but with proper preparation and care, cryoablation can be an effective and safe way to treat breast cancer.